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1857 U.S. Coast Survey Map or Chart of the Entrance to the York River, Virginia

YorkRiver2-uscs-1857
$75.00
Preliminary Chart of York River Virginia from Entrance to King's Creek. - Main View
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1857 U.S. Coast Survey Map or Chart of the Entrance to the York River, Virginia

YorkRiver2-uscs-1857

One of the earliest accurate nautical charts of Entrance to York River, Virginia.

Title


Preliminary Chart of York River Virginia from Entrance to King's Creek.
  1857 (dated)     17 x 22.5 in (43.18 x 57.15 cm)     1 : 60000

Description


An attractive hand colored 1857 U.S. Coast Survey nautical chart or map of Virginia's York River. The chart covers the course of the York River from its entrance at Chesapeake Bay to King's Creek. It offers countless depth soundings, sailing instructions, and navigational notes, as well as considerable inland detail. Yorktown, Gloucester Point, and several other important sites are identified. The York River was an important theater in the American Revolutionary war and it is here, at Yorktown, where the British formally surrendered.

The triangulation for this chart was accomplished by E. Blunt, J. Farley and J.P. Roy. The topography is the work of John Seib. The hydrography was completed by a party under the command of J. J. Almy and R.D. Minor. The chart was compiled under the direction of A. D. Bache, Superintendent of the Survey of the Coast of the United States and one of the most influential American cartographers of the 19th century.

Cartographer


The Office of the Coast Survey (1807 - present) founded in 1807 by President Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of Commerce Albert Gallatin, is the oldest scientific organization in the U.S. Federal Government. Jefferson created the "Survey of the Coast," as it was then called, in response to a need for accurate navigational charts of the new nation's coasts and harbors. The spirit of the Coast Survey was defined by its first two superintendents. The first superintendent of the Coast Survey was Swiss immigrant and West Point mathematics professor Ferdinand Hassler. Under the direction of Hassler, from 1816 to 1843, the ideological and scientific foundations for the Coast Survey were established. These included using the most advanced techniques and most sophisticated equipment as well as an unstinting attention to detail. Hassler devised a labor intensive triangulation system whereby the entire coast was divided into a series of enormous triangles. These were in turn subdivided into smaller triangulation units that were then individually surveyed. Employing this exacting technique on such a massive scale had never before been attempted. Consequently, Hassler and the Coast Survey under him developed a reputation for uncompromising dedication to the principles of accuracy and excellence. Unfortunately, despite being a masterful surveyor, Hassler was abrasive and politically unpopular, twice losing congressional funding for the Coast Survey. Nonetheless, Hassler led the Coast Survey until his death in 1843, at which time Alexander Dallas Bache, a great-grandson of Benjamin Franklin, took the helm. Bache was fully dedicated to the principles established by Hassler, but proved more politically astute and successfully lobbied Congress to liberally fund the endeavor. Under the leadership of A. D. Bache, the Coast Survey completed its most important work. Moreover, during his long tenure with the Coast Survey, from 1843 to 1865, Bache was a steadfast advocate of American science and navigation and in fact founded the American Academy of Sciences. Bache was succeeded by Benjamin Pierce who ran the Survey from 1867 to 1874. Pierce was in turn succeeded by Carlile Pollock Patterson who was Superintendent from 1874 to 1881. In 1878, under Patterson's superintendence, the U.S. Coast Survey was reorganized as the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (C & GS) to accommodate topographic as well as nautical surveys. Today the Coast Survey is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or NOAA as the National Geodetic Survey. More by this mapmaker...

Source


Bache, A. D., Report of the Superintendant of the U.S. Coast Survey, (Washington) 1857.    

Condition


Very good. Backed on archival tissue for stability.