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1867 Vaux and Olmsted Map of Fort Greene Park, Brooklyn, New York

FortGreenPark-bishop-1868
$225.00
Design for the Laying Out of the Grounds known as Fort Green or Washington Park, in the City of Brooklyn. - Main View
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1867 Vaux and Olmsted Map of Fort Greene Park, Brooklyn, New York

FortGreenPark-bishop-1868

Vaux and Olmstead's 1867 redesign of Fort Green Park, Brooklyn

Title


Design for the Laying Out of the Grounds known as Fort Green or Washington Park, in the City of Brooklyn.
  1868 (dated)     9 x 11 in (22.86 x 27.94 cm)     1 : 2000

Description


A rare 1867 example Vaux and Olmsted's map of Washington Park or, as it is now known, Fort Greene Park, Brooklyn. Oriented to the east, the map depicts the park as a whole and includes pathways, lakes, buildings, individual trees, rocks, and elevation measurements. The streets and avenues surrounding the park are also noted. The layout of Fort Greene Park shown here reflects Vaux and Olmsted's 1867 redesign.
Fort Greene Park
Located in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, Fort Greene Park is considered to be Brooklyn's second oldest park. The site where the park now stands was original Fort Putnam once stood. The fort was renamed Fort Greene following the War of 1812 after Nathanael Greene, a hero of the American Revolutionary War. By 1842, the defensive significance of the fort waned, and many advocated for it to be turned into a public green space, among them poet Walt Whitman, then the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle. The city of Brooklyn acquired the property in 1842, establishing Washington Park in 1847 - Brooklyn's second public park after Commodore Barry Park.

Following their success in Central Park, the landscape architects Calvert Vaux and Frederick Law Olmsted, were hired to redesign parks throughout New York and Brooklyn. The present map illustrates their December 9, 1867 redesign of Washington Park, after which it was renamed Fort Green Park. Despite several subsequent unpopular attempts to modernize the park, it remains consistent with the Vaux and Olmsted plan to this day.
Vaux and Olmsted
Like their most famous works, Central Park and Prospect Park, Vaux and Olmsted were meticulous in their design of the park, with every tree, pond, and bench planned. Olmsted wrote:
Every foot of the parks surface, every tree and bush, as well as every arch, roadway, and walk and been placed where it is for a purpose.
Today, because of Vaux and Olmsted's efforts, the citizens of Fort Greene have the privilege of enjoying what is, without question, one of the finest examples of a planned urban public recreation area in New York City.
Publication History and Census
This map appeared in both William Bishop's Manual of the Common Council of the City of Brooklyn, 1868 and in the Eighth annual report of the Board of Commissioners of Prospect Park, Brooklyn, January 1868. It was lithographed and printed by Hayward, States and Koch. This map has become quite rare. There are two examples in the New York Public Library system, and we have owned one example previously.

CartographerS


Frederick Law Olmsted (April 26, 1822 - August 28, 1903) was an American journalist, landscape designer, and forefather of American landscape architecture. Born April 26, 1822 in Hartford, CT, Olmsted never attended college, instead taking work as a seaman, merchant, and journalist until 1848, when he settled at Tosomock Farm in Staten Island, New York. On June 13, 1859 Olmsted married Mary Cleveland, the widow of his brother John and adopted her three children. Olmsted’s fateful introduction to landscape design occurred in 1850, when a journalism assignment took him to England to visit public gardens. Inspired by Joseph Paxton's Birkenhead Park, he went on to write and publish Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England. This led to additional work with the New York Daily Times (The New York Times) who sent him on an extensive tour through Texas and the American South from 1852 to 1857. It was after this trip that Olmsted wrote his popular criticism of slave economies, A Journey Through Texas. In 1858, Olmsted, along with his design partner, the architect Calvert Vaux, entered and won New York City's Central Park design competition. Though it was their first major landscape design project, the construction of Central Park from 1857 to 1866, created what many consider to be the finest planned urban recreation area in the world. They continued collaborating on such projects as Prospect Park in Brooklyn, Chicago's Riverside Park, the Buffalo park system, Milwaukee's Grand Necklace, and the Niagara Reservation. These were not just parks, but entire systems of parks and interconnecting parkways (which they invented) linking cities to green spaces. In 1883, Olmsted founded the Brookline, MA based Fairsted Company, the first landscape architecture firm in the United States. It was from this office he designed Boston's Emerald Necklace, the campus of Stanford University, the University of Chicago, the 1893 Columbian Exposition, and many other public areas. In 1895 Olmsted retired to Belmont, Massachusetts. Three years later, in 1898, he was admitted McLean Hospital, whose grounds he had designed several years before. He remained a resident and patient there until he passed away in 1903. Olmsted is buried in the Old North Cemetery, Hartford, Connecticut. More by this mapmaker...


Calvert Vaux (1824 - 1895) was a British architect and landscaper who is best remembered for his co-design, with Frederick Olmstead, of New York City's Central Park. Born in London in 1824, little is known of his early life, though it is recorded that, at 9 he was apprenticed to London architect Lewis Nockalls Cottingham, a proponent of the Gothic Revival Movement. Vaux worked for Cottingham until he was 26 years old, honing his skills and building a reputation as a skilled draftsman. During an exhibition of his watercolors in 1851, Vaux caught the attention of landscape designer Andrew Jackson Downing. Downing was looking for a partner to fulfill his revolutionary vision of urban architectural-landscaping. Dowing recruited Vaux to design buildings, bridges, and structures, while he focused on the overall landscape design. Vaux accompanied Downing to the United States where, in 1854, he gained U.S. citizenship and founded the American Institute of Architects. Vaux's partnership with Downing lasted approximately two years and resulted in a number of significant works, including the grounds of the White and Smithsonian Institute in Washington D.C. In 1852 Downing passed away in a tragic accident. At the time Downing was working on a landscape design for New York City's Central Park. In a decision that would forever change the American urban landscape, Vaux called in the fledgling landscape designer Frederick Olmstead to fill Downing shoes. Though Central Park was their first joint project, Vaux and Olmstead proved a magical combination, creating what many consider to be the finest planed urban recreation area in the world. Following the completion of Central Park, Vaux and Olmstead formed an official business partnership and went on to design Prospect Park in Brooklyn and Morningside Park in upper Manhattan. They planned one of the first suburbs in Chicago, Riverside, and were commissioned to design parks for Buffalo, NY, Milwaukee, WI, and Rockwood Park in Canada, among others. Vaux ended the partnership in 1872 and went on to collaborate with George Kent Radford and Samuel Parsons. However, in 1889 he again joined forces with Olmstead to design Downing Park, as a memorial to his mentor. Vaux tragically passed away on November 19, 1895, when he drowned in Brooklyn, NY. Learn More...


George Hayward (fl. c. 1850 - 1870) was an American lithographer based in New York City in the middle to late 19th century. Hayward's imprint appears on numerous 19th century maps associated with the Manual of the Corporation of New York, published at various times by David T. Valentine and Joseph Shannon. He also did similar work for William Bishop and Henry McCloskey of Brooklyn. He was involved in various partnerships, publishing at various times as Hayward, States and Koch (171 Pearl Street), Hayward and Lepine (171 Pearl St). Today he is memorialized by Heyward Street in South Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Learn More...

Source


Bishop, William, Manual of the Common Council of the City of Brooklyn, 1868, (Brooklyn) 1868.     Runtime error in mm5/5.00/modules/util/toolkit.mvc @ [00000020:00000a4e]: util/toolkit.mv: Line 8930: MvCALL: Unable to open URL '<i>Eighth annual report of the Board of Commissioners of Prospect Park, Brooklyn</i>, January 1868': Malformed URL