Léon Victor Largeau (June 21, 1842 - March 26, 1897) was a French explorer and colonial administrator in Africa. Beginning in French Algeria, he undertook explorations of the Sahara Desert between 1874 and 1881, when, among other endeavors, he studied potential routes for a railway across the desert. Afterwards he served as a colonial administrator in Senegal and the Congo. His son, Victor Emmanuel Largeau, became an army officer, also serving in Africa, where he began the Great War, before returning to France as a general and being killed at the Battle of Verdun.