Robert Christmas Phillips (December 25, 1811 - December 30, 1881) was an American civil engineer and surveyor. Born in Ohio, Phillips worked in Cincinnati for nearly fifty years, most of that time as an engineer. He served for a time as City Engineer. Over the course of his career, he surveyed numerous parts of the city and laid out lots. For a time, he operated an engineering and surveying firm with Andrew Hickenlooper called Phillips and Hickenlooper. By 1872 Phillips was serving as the Chief Engineer of Public Works in the District of Columbia. He married Mary S. Humber on August 2, 1843, with whom he had five children.