1858 U.S. Coast Survey Map of the Brazos River Entrance, Texas (Freeport, Quintana, Velasco)

An uncommon example of the 1858 U.S. Coast Survey nautical chart or maritime map of the entrance to the Brazos River, Texas. The map focuses on the Brazos River's outlet into the Gulf of Mexico an includes the Texas towns of Quintana and Velasco, both of which are now incorporated into the city of Freeport, Texas. As a nautical map it further includes countless depth soundings (in feet) and a wealth of practical information for the mariner. The triangulation for this map was completed by J. S. Williams. The topography is the work of J. M Wampler. The hydrography was accomplished by a team under the command of e. J. De Haven and J. K Duer. The whole was compiled under the direction of A. D. Bache, one of the U.S. Coast Survey's most influential and prolific superintendents, for issue in the 1858 annual report to Congress.

Cartographer

The Office of the Coast Survey (1807 - present), founded in 1807 by President Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, is the oldest scientific organization in the U.S. Federal Government. Jefferson created the "Survey of the Coast," as it was then called, to produce accurate navigational charts of the new nation's coasts and harbors. The first two superintendents defined the spirit of the Coast Survey. The Coast Survey's first superintendent was Swiss immigrant and West Point mathematics professor Ferdinand Hassler. Under Hassler's direction, from 1816 to 1843, the Coast Survey established its ideological and scientific foundations. These included the use of the most advanced techniques and most sophisticated equipment, along with unstinting attention to detail. Hassler devised a labor-intensive triangulation system that divided the entire coast into a series of enormous triangles. These were then subdivided into smaller triangulation units, which were individually surveyed. No one had ever attempted this exacting technique on such a massive scale. As a result, Hassler and the Coast Survey under his leadership earned a reputation for uncompromising dedication to accuracy and excellence. Unfortunately, despite being a masterful surveyor, Hassler was abrasive and politically unpopular, and Congress cut funding for the Coast Survey twice. Nonetheless, Hassler led the Coast Survey until his death in 1843, when Alexander Dallas Bache, Benjamin Franklin's great-grandson, took the helm. Bache was fully dedicated to the principles established by Hassler, but proved more politically astute and successfully lobbied Congress to fund the endeavor generously. Under A. D. Bache's leadership, the Coast Survey completed its most important work. During his long tenure with the Coast Survey, from 1843 to 1865, Bache steadfastly advocated American science and navigation and, in fact, founded the American Academy of Sciences. Benjamin Pierce succeeded Bache and ran the Survey from 1867 to 1874. Pierce was succeeded by Carlile Pollock Patterson, Superintendent from 1874 to 1881. In 1878, under Patterson's superintendence, the U.S. Coast Survey was reorganized as the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS) to accommodate both topographic and nautical surveys. Today, the Coast Survey is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the National Geodetic Survey.   Further Details...

Source

Bache, A. D., Report of the Superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, (Washington) 1858.    

Condition

Good. Some discoloration and loss on original fold lines. Backed with archival tissue for stability.