1753 Vaugondy Map of the Eastern Guyenne Region of France

OrientaleGuinne-vaugondy-1757
$300.00
Partie Orientale du Gouvernement General de la Guienne ou se trouvent le Quercy et le Rouergue. - Main View
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1753 Vaugondy Map of the Eastern Guyenne Region of France

OrientaleGuinne-vaugondy-1757

Covers the wine and cheese producing regions in southern France.
$300.00

Title


Partie Orientale du Gouvernement General de la Guienne ou se trouvent le Quercy et le Rouergue.
  1753 (dated)     20 x 21.5 in (50.8 x 54.61 cm)     1 : 416000

Description


This is a scarce 1753 map of the Eastern Guyenne region of France by Robert de Vaugondy. It depicts the southern portion of France from Samatan east to Bruide and south as far as Toulouse and covers the whole or parts of the departments of Dordogne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Lot, Aveyron, Cantal and Herault. The map renders the entire region in extraordinary detail offering both topographical and political information with forests and mountains beautifully rendered in profile. The important cities of Toulouse, Cahors, Castres, Entraignes, Brioude and Montauban are identified.

This area is also an important stopping point on the historic Chemin du St. Jacques, or the mediaeval pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostella. The region of Lot is known for its agriculture, distilled spirits, wines, and fine hunting. Its capital is Cahors and the wines here are rich reds excellent with duck. Dordogne is best known for its production of Monbazillac, a sweet white wine, and Cabecou, a soft goat cheese. Tarn et Garonne is centered around the city of Moissac, which is known for its fine desert grapes. This area produces a number of quality wines, such as AOC Fronton, Cotes de Brulhois, and the Vins de Pays des Coteaux et Terrasses de Montauban.

Tarn-et-Garonne is also home to the area of Coteaux du Quercy, which has a reputation for producing supple and full-bodied wines. Aveyron, centered on Rodez, is famous for its production of Roquefort, a flavorful ewe's milk blue cheese. This region is also known for the legendary Bete du Gevaudan, a terrible man-wolf who terrorizes the countryside. The Chemin St. Jacques also passes through the northern part of this department. Herault, France. This area is home to a wide variety of vineyards and is part of the larger Languedoc wine-growing region, the oldest in France. The red wines produced here are meaty, tannic wines with a deep red color. The area is also known for its production of Pelardon cheese, made from goat's milk, and Perail, an ewe's milk cheese. Cantal, a firm cheese is named after the region of Cantal, where it is produced.

The map includes a beautifully engraved title cartouche in the top left quadrant. This map was drawn by Robert de Vaugondy in 1753 and published in the 1757 issue of his Atlas Universal.

Cartographer


Gilles (1688 - 1766) and Didier (c. 1723 - 1786) Robert de Vaugondy were map publishers, engravers, and cartographers active in Paris during the mid-18th century. The father and son team were the inheritors to the important Sanson cartographic firm whose stock supplied much of their initial material. Graduating from Sanson's maps, Gilles, and more particularly Didier, began to produce their own substantial corpus. The Vaugondys were well-respected for the detail and accuracy of their maps, for which they capitalized on the resources of 18th-century Paris to compile the most accurate and fantasy-free maps possible. The Vaugondys compiled each map based on their own geographic knowledge, scholarly research, journals of contemporary explorers and missionaries, and direct astronomical observation. Moreover, unlike many cartographers of this period, they took pains to reference their sources. Nevertheless, even in 18th-century Paris, geographical knowledge was limited - especially regarding those unexplored portions of the world, including the poles, the Pacific Northwest of America, and the interiors of Africa, Australia, and South America. In these areas, the Vaugondys, like their rivals De L'Isle and Buache, must be considered speculative or positivist geographers. Speculative geography was a genre of mapmaking that evolved in Europe, particularly Paris, in the middle to late 18th century. Cartographers in this genre would fill in unknown lands with theories based on their knowledge of cartography, personal geographical theories, and often dubious primary source material gathered by explorers. This approach, which attempted to use the known to validate the unknown, naturally engendered rivalries. Vaugondy's feuds with other cartographers, most specifically Phillipe Buache, resulted in numerous conflicting papers presented before the Academie des Sciences, of which both were members. The era of speculative cartography effectively ended with the late 18th-century explorations of Captain Cook, Jean Francois de Galaup de La Perouse, and George Vancouver. After Didier died, his maps were acquired by Jean-Baptiste Fortin, who in 1787 sold them to Charles-François Delamarche (1740 - 1817). While Delamarche prospered from the Vaugondy maps, he defrauded Vaugondy's window Marie Louise Rosalie Dangy of her rightful inheritance and may even have killed her. More by this mapmaker...

Source


Robert de Vaugondy, G., Atlas Universel, (Paris: Antoine Boudet) 1757.     The Atlas Universel was the crowning glory of the Robert de Vaugondy firm's atlas production. The atlas was revolutionary on many levels and exemplified the Vaugondy credo commode, complet, univorme, et suive (convenient, complete, uniform, and easy to use). The atlas thus consisted of a wide corpus of maps, both modern and historical, was of moderate height and width, and featured maps of uniform style and structure. They partnered with Antoine Boudet, a shrewd businessman and publisher with whom they had worked previously, to produce the 1752 first edition. To minimize his fiscal risk, Boudet sold the atlas first by subscription using a large prospectus, receiving in the process over 1100 pre-orders. The first edition appeared in 1752 and contained beautifully produced maps with elaborate freshly designed allegorical cartouche work, generally by Pierre-Edme Babel, Pierre Philippe Choffard, and Charles Nicholas Cochin. Most of the maps were engraved by the Delahaye firm, the payment for whose services ultimately led to legal disputes. Despite proving a popular work of astounding quality, the Atlas Universal received harsh criticism from fellow cartographers, particularly Philipppe Buache. Ever at odds with the Vaugondys, Buache's critical perspective may have been influenced more by political maneuvering than academic affront. The atlas was issued in multiple editions between 1752 and 1788. Later editions, issued after 1786, were taken over by Charles Delamarche, who inherited the Robert de Vaugondy firm and assumed Boudet's publication rights.

Condition


Very good. Minor wear along original centerfold. Original platemark visible. Some spotting and offsetting.

References


Rumsey 3353.043. Pedley, Mary Sponberg Belle et Utile: The Work of the Robert de Vaugondy Family of Mapmakers, 148.