1889 Jesuit Havret Map of Shanghai Region: Nantong (南通), Hai-men (海门), and Chongming (崇明

上海周边的天主教传教站。以及一座独特的冲积岛。

这是一幅约1889年由法国耶稣会士绘制的地图，描绘了南通、海门以及位于长江对岸、与上海隔江相望的崇明岛。这幅地图是耶稣会神父亨利·哈弗雷（Henri Havret）于1892年在徐家汇图书馆绘制的，用于研究冲积平原崇明岛的历史形成和定居情况。该地图也记录了上海附近地区的传教活动，标注了数百座新建教堂和传教站的位置。

仔细观察

地图涵盖江苏省东南部地区，包括南通、海门和崇明岛。地图上标示了众多村庄、教堂和传教站。标题旨在纪念江南传教士在1887年至1889年间取得的地区性成功——基督徒人数从68人增长到9150人。有人认为，南通毗邻上海，是天主教皈依的沃土，但随后该地区基督教信徒人数的下降表明，宗教渗透范围广但程度浅。地图左下角附有简要的中文地理术语音译词典。

这幅地图是为亨利·哈弗雷（Henri Havret）1892年关于冲积岛崇明岛（Tsong Ming Island）的形成和定居的研究而绘制的。这是第一部结合中西资料，考察崇明岛数百年来发展历程的著作。图中虚线代表了大约25年前的冲积海岸线，由中国外交官兼制图师李凤苞（1834-1887）记录。它取代并反驳了法国地理学家雅克·埃利塞·雷克吕（Jacques Élisée Reclus，1830-1905）早期关于崇明岛的研究成果。虽然这幅地图是与哈弗雷的研究同时绘制的，但并未收录在他出版的报告《扬子江口的崇明岛》（L'île de Tsong-Ming à l'embouchure du Yang-Tse-Kiang ）中，而是单独发行。

崇明岛

崇明岛位于中国上海以北，是地理和历史演变的一个杰出例证。该岛由长江冲积物形成，历经数百年缓慢而自然的演变，深受长江沉积物的影响。最初，岛上散布着许多独立的沙洲，这些冲积岛屿逐渐融合，到明代时已形成适宜居住的陆地。虽然岛上人类居住的历史可以追溯到古代，但明清时期大规模的堤坝建设稳固了岛屿，使得人类活动更加频繁。崇明岛地处长江入海口，战略位置优越，在贸易和军事上都具有重要意义。

南通 (南通)

南通位于中国江苏省，上海以北。该区地处长江入海口附近，毗邻上海的国际租界，地理位置优越。19世纪，南通凭借其与上海的地理优势，在贸易和技术方面领先于中国其他地区，从而实现了早期农业和工业发展，尤其是在纺织业方面。在“官商”张坚（1853-1926）的影响下，南通通过一系列先进的政策，发展出了现代化的纺织业。张坚在此创办了中国第一家现代化棉纺厂，奠定了南通作为纺织中心的地位。

出处

地图上有两枚图书馆印章，证实它在20世纪80年代的某个时候被一家德国耶稣会图书馆注销。图书馆印章仍然保留在左下角，其标记则出现在右下角。标记难以辨认，但大致内容为“Prov. Germ. SJ”，可推断为“Provinciae Germaniae Bibliotheca Scriptorum Societatis Jesu”（德国耶稣会书信社图书馆），该馆可能位于科隆。我们见过许多其他带有相同印章的地图，它们都非常罕见，其中许多是独一无二的手稿，因此这次注销必定意义重大。一位德国古董商购得了这些注销的地图，带有类似标记的地图偶尔会出现在市场上，涵盖世界各地。

出版历史和人口普查

这张地图是在 c 年编制的。 1889 年由亨利·哈夫雷 (Henri Havret) 颁布，由罗马天主教江南宗座代牧区颁发，江南是中国大陆的一个传教管辖区，包括中国的江苏省和安徽省。它是在上海东南部的上海图书馆徐家汇藏书楼印制的。这是唯一已知的幸存例子。

Cartographers

Henri Havret (November 15, 1848 - September 29, 1902) was a French Jesuit priest, missionary, sinologist, and Latinist active in China in the last quarter of the 19th century. There is some confusion as some of his works are signed 'R. P. Havret', (often written sloppily, appearing nearer to R. J.), this being his honorific, 'Reverendus Pater' (Reverend Father), not part of his name. Havret was born in Wassy, Haute-Marne, France. He joined the Society of Jesus in 1872 and was immediately sent to China, where he underwent his theological studies and was, in 1874, ordained into the priesthood. He was placed in charge of the Xujiahui Library (Zi-Ka-Wei;上海图书馆徐家汇藏书楼), located southwest of Shanghai, and taught philosophy at the local Saint-Ignace College. Later he dedicated himself to proselytizing in the lower Yangtze. In the tradition of Jesuit scholar-priests, he produced several significant studies, including a scientific analysis of the creation and settlement of Chongming, an alluvial island north of Shanghai, and an 1892 study of the Nestorian Xi'an Stlele, discovered in 1625. Havret was made director of the Xujiahui Seminary in 1894, a position he held until 1898. He died four years later, in 1902, in Xujiahui, China.   Further Details...

Xujiahui Library (1847 - Present), today known as the Shanghai Library Bibliotheca Zi-Ka-Wei (上海图书馆徐家汇藏书楼) was established in 1847. It was initially part of the Jesuit mission complex in the Xujiahui village (徐家汇), situated on the outskirts of Shanghai. Following the Jesuit mission of scholarship, it evolved into an academic center embracing both Chinese and Western academic heritages. It was also an important publishing house, issuing maps, religious works, scholarly studies, and more. By the end of the 19th century, it housed over 200,000 volumes. The library is known for its comprehensive collection of Chinese gazetteers, newspapers, reference materials, and mission-related publications. The establishment of the People's Republic of China marked the end of the Jesuit mission in Xujiahui. Nonetheless, the library perseveres, having been nationalized and, from 1957, integrated into the Shanghai Library System.   Further Details...

Condition

Very good. Laid on original linen. Jesuit library label and stamp.