1742 Coronelli Nolin Map of Southeast Asia (Siam, Thailand, Malaya, Laos, Vietnam)

暹罗地图收藏界的圣杯。

这是科罗内利-诺林绘制的东南亚地图，意义重大且影响深远，被誉为暹罗相关地图收藏的圣杯之一。此图为1742年版，最初发行于1687年，此前法国于1685年派遣首批使团出使暹罗，由亚历山大·德·肖蒙骑士（1640-1710）率领。一年后的1688年，大多数欧洲人被驱逐出暹罗，因此，直到1821年约翰·克劳福德使团出使暹罗之前，这幅地图一直是所有后续暹罗地图乃至整个东南亚地图的权威范例。

仔细观察

其范围涵盖从马达班（今缅甸）和科霍阿（今越南广平省）到爪哇岛和巽他海峡，囊括了暹罗（泰国）南部、老挝、柬埔寨、越南南部、马来亚、新加坡、苏门答腊岛、安达曼-尼科巴群岛以及婆罗洲西部。图中描绘了1885-86年肖蒙使团的航程：经巽他海峡进入南海，沿马来亚东部海岸穿过暹罗湾到达湄南河口，然后沿柬埔寨海岸返回南方，再次穿过巽他海峡。左下角的标题框以白象为造型，生动地展现了暹罗王室的古老象征。

历史背景

尽管早在1511年葡萄牙使团就已与暹罗取得联系，但欧洲人对暹罗仍然知之甚少。荷兰人和法国人被允许在湄南河沿岸（今曼谷以南）设立一些贸易和补给站，但未能深入内陆。暹罗也没有可供借鉴或复制的本土制图传统，因此早期的接触点产生的地图寥寥无几。这种情况在1685-1686年肖蒙骑士使团的到来后开始有所改变。

当肖蒙和他的六位耶稣会同伴抵达暹罗首都时，正值暹罗前所未有的黄金时代——阿瑜陀耶王朝时期（1351-1767年）。在此期间，暹罗迅速扩张，吞并了乌通、华富里以及包括吴哥在内的前高棉据点。这也是社会和哲学蓬勃发展的时期，促成了法律体系的现代化和艺术的繁荣。首都阿瑜陀耶（Judtija）本身就拥有超过一百万的人口，很可能是当时世界上最大的城市。

使节出访时期的暹罗君主，那莱大帝（拉玛提波迪三世；1632-1688 年），对外国人，尤其是法国人，抱有浓厚的兴趣。他聘请了外国顾问，甚至允许在首都以南湄南河的一个河湾处（即今天的曼谷）修建一座法国堡垒。虽然那莱大帝本人仍信奉佛教，但他的儿子和继承人却皈依了基督教。

1688年，在肖蒙使团事件两年后，或许正是由于该事件及其预示的影响，纳莱王的一位主要顾问佩特拉查（1632-1703）发动了一场反外来革命。佩特拉查下令杀害了纳莱王的基督教继承人，甚至可能杀害了纳莱王本人（尽管他当时已身患重病），并自立为王。佩特拉查推翻了纳莱王亲法的政策，驱逐了所有传教士，并围攻了曼谷要塞。在佩特拉查及其继承人的统治下，只有荷兰人被允许在暹罗拥有有限的存在，这实际上使暹罗在随后的150年里完全隔绝了外国的影响。

肖蒙收集到的新地图信息经由半官方的皇家制图师让-巴蒂斯特·诺兰之手，传递给了威尼斯人文森佐·玛丽亚·科罗内利，后者被誉为欧洲最杰出的制图师。科罗内利曾为法国国王路易十四制作了两座精美绝伦的巨型地球仪，在宫廷中备受推崇，并因此获得了查阅这些及其他记录的特权。通过科罗内利和诺兰，肖蒙使团在此呈现的有限侦察成果，成为19世纪初之前欧洲对暹罗和东南亚地区的权威参考资料。

出版历史和人口普查

这幅地图最初由让-巴蒂斯特·诺兰和文森佐·玛丽亚·科罗内利于1687年出版。现存版本为1742年第二版，由让-巴蒂斯特·诺兰之子，也叫让-巴蒂斯特·诺兰，使用相同的印版印制。尽管在欧洲一些精选机构中藏品丰富，但在私人市场上，所有版本和样张都极其稀少，极具收藏价值。

Cartographers

Vincenzo Maria Coronelli (August 16, 1650 - December 9, 1718) was an important 17th-century cartographer and globe maker based in Venice. Coronelli was born the fifth child of a Venetian tailor. Unlikely to inherit his father's business, he instead apprenticed in Ravenna to a woodcut artist. Around 1663, Coronelli joined the Franciscan Order and, in 1671, entered the Venetian convent of Saint Maria Gloriosa dei Frari. Coronelli excelled in the fields of cosmography, mathematics, and geography. Although his works include the phenomenal Atlante Veneto and Corso Geografico, Coronelli is best known for his globes. In 1678, Coronelli was commissioned to make his first major globes by Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma. Each superbly engraved globe was five feet in diameter. Louis IV of France, having heard of the magnificent Parma globes, invited Coronelli to Paris, where from 1681-83 he constructed an even more impressive pair of globes measuring over 12 feet in diameter and weighing 2 tons each. The globes earned him the patronage of Louis XIV and privileged access to French cartographic information from Jesuit sources in the New World, particularly Louisiana. Coronelli returned to Venice and continued to publish globes, maps, and atlases, which were admired all over Europe for their beauty, accuracy, and detail. He had a particular fascination for the Great Lakes region, and his early maps of this area were unsurpassed in accuracy for nearly 100 years after their initial publication. He is also well known for his groundbreaking publication of the first accurate map depicting the sources of the Blue Nile. At the height of his career, Coronelli founded the world's first geographical society, the Accademia Cosmografica degli Argonauti, and was awarded the official title Cosmographer of the Republic of Venice. In 1699, in recognition of his extraordinary accomplishment and scholarship, Coronelli was also appointed Father General of the Franciscan Order. The great cartographer and globe maker died in Venice at the age of 68. His extraordinary globes can be seen today at the Bibliothèque Nationale François Mitterrand in Paris, Biblioteca Marciana in Venice, the National Library of Austria, the Globe Museum in Vienna, the Library of Stift Melk, the Special Collections Library of Texas Tech University, as well as lesser works in Trier, Prague, London, and Washington D.C. Coronelli's work is notable for its distinctive style, which is characterized by the high-quality white paper, dark intense impressions, detailed renderings of topographical features in profile, and numerous cartographic innovations.   Further Details...

Jean-Baptiste Nolin (1657 - 1725) was a French cartographer and publisher active in Paris during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. Nolin was a man of exceptional business acumen and while many cartographers struggled financially, he prospered. Many attribute this to the fact that Nolin produced very little original work, relying primarily on business relationships with the legendary Italian cartography Vincenzo Coronelli, Jean-Dominique Cassini, and the French geographer Jean Nicolas du Trallage, Sieur de Tillemont (1620 – 1698). His work is known for exceptional aesthetic élan, combining Italianesque baroque and rococo ethics with most current cartographic data. It might also be said that Nolin was a bit of a con-artist in his self-promotion, often inaccurately using such titles as 'Engraver to the King' and 'Geographer to the Duke of Orleans', neither of which appointments he actually held. In 1705, he was successfully sued by Guillaume De L’Isle for copyright infringement, a case which cost him significant scientific credibility. Nonetheless, Nolin remained commercially popular and prosperous. Nolin's son, also Jean Baptiste Nolin (1686 - 1762) inherited his father’s map plates and republished many of his maps, as well as issuing his own unique maps, well into the 18th century. Both Nolins maintained offices on Rue St. Jacques, Paris.   Further Details...

Condition

Very good. A few minor verso reinforcements along old fold lines.

References

OCLC 15670260.